Sun Damage Exposure to UVA, UVB and UVC rays causes molecular changes in the structure of your cells, which can lead to wrinkles, capillary damage, uneven pigmentation, photosensitivity, and thickening of the outer epidermal layer of the skin. Sunburn is caused by overexposure to UV rays. It leads to premature aging of the skin and can be the onset to skin cancer. UVA rays do not burn, but they do harden elastin fibres, causing wrinkles by weakening the layers within the skin. UVB rays are the burning rays needed to initiate the tanning process with the stimulation of melanocytes (pigment cells). UVB causes a molecular change in the DNA and RNA structures of the cells, which can result in skin cancer. UVC rays, like UVB, also burn the skin, thereby increasing the risk of skin cancer. A sun block must be used daily, all year round, to protect your skin. A "total" sun block provides roughly 97% protection and must be applied every 20 minutes to maintain this percentage. If you are planning to be out and about but not in direct sun, you should apply a substantial coating of sun block before leaving the house. Pigmentation Hormonal: Uneven, brown markings on the face, also known as "pregnant women's mask" are usually due to the use of contraceptive pills or hormonal imbalance. If you experience this change in pigmentation on your skin, you should consult with your physician regarding the estrogen level of your contraceptive or be referred to an endocrinologist (hormone specialist). Sun Exposure: Sun exposure activates melanocytes (pigment cells), causing discoloration, freckles and uneven skin tones. Most skin care products that are beneficial for wrinkles and acne make your skin more photosensitive. This also includes peels and laser treatments. Often, hormone medication, such as estrogen or contraceptive pills, can cause discoloration, especially on the cheeks, forehead and around the mouth. With added sun exposure, the discoloration can become very noticeable and difficult to eliminate. Chemical Pigmentation: Chemicals and perfumes that contain alcohol, bergamot or lavender increase the photosensitivity of the skin. Exposed to the UV rays of sunlight, these chemicals can cause irregular pigmentation, which appears in the form of dark, reddish, patchy stains on the neck and body. Treatment: Whitening Booster- Please read the treatment instructions very carefully. Because Hydroquinone has been banned in many countries and is not advised for long-term use, we have chosen to use Alpha Arbutin instead. Made from the leaves of several shrubs, including cranberry and bearberry, Alpha Arbutin is a derivative of Hydroquinone that can be used for an extended period of time without harm to the skin and without further stimulation of the pigment cells. It is very important to apply a sun block with an SPF of 30 or higher on a daily basis if you are using the Whitening Booster.